https://wiki.reformrivers.eu/index.php?title=Greek_Glossary&feed=atom&action=historyGreek Glossary - Revision history2024-03-28T20:00:36ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.23.5https://wiki.reformrivers.eu/index.php?title=Greek_Glossary&diff=29242&oldid=prevGertjan: Created page with "English to Greek glossary.<br /> {| {{table}} | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''English''' | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Greek''' | align="cent..."2015-04-14T12:29:52Z<p>Created page with "English to Greek glossary.<br /> {| {{table}} | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''English''' | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Greek''' | align="cent..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>English to Greek glossary.<br /><br />
{| {{table}}<br />
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''English'''<br />
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Greek'''<br />
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Explanation'''<br />
|-<br />
| Alluvial deposits||Αλλουβιακές αποθέσεις||Sediments deposited by modern rivers and streams<br />
|-<br />
| Alluvial river||Αλλουβιακό ποτάμι||River with a bed consisting of sediments deposited by this river and still actively remolded by erosion and sedimentation<br />
|-<br />
| Alluvium||Ποτάμια απόθεση||Sediment deposits<br />
|-<br />
| Anabranched river||Ποταμός με αναστομώσεις||River consisting of a network of channels separated by large islands that are usually vegetated<br />
|-<br />
| Anadromous||Ανάδρομος||Adjective indicating fish that spawn in fresh water after spending most of their lives and becoming mature in the sea. See also <br />
|-<br />
| Aquifer||Υδροφορέας||Water-bearing layer of porous subsurface material that can yield usable quantities of water<br />
|-<br />
| Backswamps||Έλη με στάσιμα ή πολύ μικρής ροής νερά||Wetlands in the lowest areas of the valley floor away from the main channel, storing fine-grained suspended-load sediments<br />
|-<br />
| Backwater effect||Επίπτωση περιοχής με στάσιμα ή πολύ μικρής ροής νερά||Influence from downstream conditions on water levels and flow velocities<br />
|-<br />
| Bank||Όχθη||Lateral channel boundary<br />
|-<br />
| Bankfull discharge||Παροχή υπερχείλισης κοίτης||Discharge at which water levels reach the top of the river banks<br />
|-<br />
| Bar||Αναβαθμός / ράχη||Submerged or emerged bedform of sand, gravel, or other unconsolidated material, built in shallow water and much longer than the water depth<br />
|-<br />
| Base flow||Βασική ροή||Sustained low flow in a stream, mostly fed by groundwater discharge<br />
|-<br />
| Bathymetry||Βαθυμετρία||Spatial distribution of water depths below an agreed plane of reference water levels. As this plane has a slope in rivers, bathymetry should not be confused with <br />
|-<br />
| Bed level||Επίπεδο κοίτης||Elevation of bottom of river or stream above a horizontal datum<br />
|-<br />
| Bedload||Φορτίο κοίτης||Sediment transported by rolling, sliding or jumping over the bed<br />
|-<br />
| Bed-material load||Φορτίο υλικών κοίτης||Transport of sediment that is also found in the river bed. It can be transported as both and <br />
|-<br />
| Bedrock||Πέτρωμα κοίτης||Consolidated subsurface material that underlies soils or other unconsolidated material<br />
|-<br />
| Bed shear stress||Διατμητική τάση κοίτης||Tangential forces per unit bed area exerted by the flow on the river bed, as a measure of flow strength. See also and <br />
|-<br />
| Bed topography||Τοπογραφία κοίτης||Spatial distribution of bed elevations with respect to a horizontal datum, not to be confused with <br />
|-<br />
| Bench||||Sediment deposition unit along a bank face. Also <br />
|-<br />
| Benthic||Βενθικός||Living at or in the bottom of a fresh or salty body of water. Opposed to <br />
|-<br />
| Benthos||Βένθος||Plants and animals that live in, on or attached to the bottom of water bodies<br />
|-<br />
| Berm||||Sediment deposition unit along a bank face. Also <br />
|-<br />
| Biogeographical region||Βιογεωγραφική περιοχή||Relatively large area that contains characteristic assemblages of natural communities and species that are the product of broad environmental influences and common evolutionary and immigration history. See <br />
|-<br />
| Bivalve||Δίθυρα (μαλάκια)||A mollusk with two shells, for instance a clam or a mussel<br />
|-<br />
| Boulders||Ογκόλιθος||Rock fragments larger than 200 mm in diameter<br />
|-<br />
| Braided river||Διακλαδιζόμενο (πλεξοειδές) ποτάμι||River consisting of a network of smaller channels separated by small and often temporary non-vegetated islands called braid bars<br />
|-<br />
| Buffer strip||Ζώνη ανάσχεσης||Vegetation along a stream left intact after logging or land clearing, preventing fine sediment from entering into the stream<br />
|-<br />
| Cascade||Αλυσίδα||Stream bed covered with disorganized boulders in steep confined channels<br />
|-<br />
| Catadromous||Κατάδρομος||Adjective indicating fish that spawn in the open sea after spending their lives and becoming mature in fresh water. See also <br />
|-<br />
| Catchment||Λεκάνη απορροής||Area of land drained by a river and its tributaries. Also or . Catchment is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms<br />
|-<br />
| Chute channel||||Channel across a bar or floodplain, shortcutting the flow in the main channel<br />
|-<br />
| Clay||Άργιλος||Mineral soil particle smaller than 0.002 mm in diameter<br />
|-<br />
| Cobbles||Βότσαλα||Rock fragments between 63 mm and 200 mm in diameter<br />
|-<br />
| Crenal||||Zone of stream source in longitudinal habitat zonation, also . See also and <br />
|-<br />
| Crevasse||Χάσμα παγετώνα||Breach in natural levee<br />
|-<br />
| Crevasse splay||Απόθεση υπερχείλισης||Local accumulation of sand or gravel, deposited by water escaping from the channel through a <br />
|-<br />
| Crossing||Δίοδος||Relatively shallow zone between two consecutive bends in navigable rivers. Also <br />
|-<br />
| Cross-over||||Relatively shallow zone between two consecutive bends in navigable rivers. Also <br />
|-<br />
| Crustacean||Οστρακόδερμο||Invertebrate animal (without backbone) with a hard exoskeleton (external support or protection of the body) and at least five pairs of jointed legs on the thorax<br />
|-<br />
| Current||Ρεύμα/Ρους||Movement of water in a water body<br />
|-<br />
| Datum||Στάθμη υδάτων||Reference elevation level, for instance mean sea level<br />
|-<br />
| Degradation||Υποβάθμιση||In hydromorphology: Lowering of bed elevation by erosion or removal of sediment. In ecology: Damaged condition of habitat<br />
|-<br />
| Discharge||Παροχή, υδατοπαροχή||Volume of water that flows through a section per unit of time<br />
|-<br />
| Drainage basin||Υδρογραφικής λεκάνη απορροής||Area of land drained by a river and its tributaries. Also or . is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms<br />
|-<br />
| Dune||Αμμοθίνα||Bedform with a height in the order of tens of percent of the water depth. Two-dimensional dunes have long crests perpendicular to the flow. Three-dimensional dunes have short crests.<br />
|-<br />
| Ecoregion||Οικοπεριοχή||See and .<br />
|-<br />
| Emergent plant||Αναδυόμενα φυτά||Plant rooted in shallow water with much of the stem and most of the leaves above the water<br />
|-<br />
| Eurytopic||Ευρύτοπο||Adjective for aquatic species that tolerate both stagnant and flowing water conditions. See also and <br />
|-<br />
| Floodplain||Προσχωσιγενής πεδιάδα||Land bordering a river or a stream, built up of sediments from overbank flows and subject to inundation at floods<br />
|-<br />
| Flow resistance||Αντίσταση ροής||Forces opposing the discharge of water. A low flow resistance implies high flow velocities and small water depths. A high flow resistance implies low flow velocities and high water depths.<br />
|-<br />
| Flow velocity||Ταχύτητα ροής||Distance travelled by flowing water per unit time, as a measure of flow strength. See also and <br />
|-<br />
| Geomorphic unit||Γεωμορφολογική μονάδα||Area containing a landform created by erosion or deposition inside or outside the river channel. Also , or . Geomorphic unit is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms<br />
|-<br />
| Glide||||Zone of relatively shallow flow as an intermediate feature between shallower riffles and deeper pools, similar to the somewhat steeper <br />
|-<br />
| Gravel||Χαλίκια||Rock fragments between 2 and 63 mm in diameter<br />
|-<br />
| Habitat||Ενδιαίτημα||Place where a particular species or life stage lives and grows. Essentially, it is the (mostly physical) environment that surrounds a species population or age group<br />
|-<br />
| Hydraulic roughness||Υδραυλική τραχύτητα||Parameter governing <br />
|-<br />
| Hydraulic unit||Υδραυλική μονάδα||Spatially distinct patch of relatively homogeneous surface-flow and substrate character. Hydraulic unit is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms<br />
|-<br />
| Impoundment||Κατακράτηση υδάτων||Structure built to maintain a desired water level<br />
|-<br />
| Infauna||Ενδοπανίδα||Benthic animals that burrow into the substrate<br />
|-<br />
| Invertebrates||Ασπόνδυλα||Animals without a backbone<br />
|-<br />
| Island||Νησί||Landform surrounded by areas of the channel bed and emerged at bankfull stage<br />
|-<br />
| Krenal||||Zone of stream source in longitudinal habitat zonation, also . See also and <br />
|-<br />
| Landscape unit||Μονάδα τοπιου||Portion of a catchment with similar landscape morphological characteristics. Also physiographic unit. Landscape unit is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms<br />
|-<br />
| Levee||Ανάχωμα||See . Levee can also refer to a man-made dike along the Loire river in France or along North-American rivers that belonged to French Louisiana between 1682 and 1803, such as the Mississippi river<br />
|-<br />
| Limnetic||Λιμναίο||Related to the environment of lakes and ponds. Adjective for aquatic macroinvertebrates that prefer standing water<br />
|-<br />
| Limnophilic||Λιμνοφιλικός||Adjective for aquatic species that prefer stagnant water. See also and <br />
|-<br />
| Lotic||Ρέων||Related to fast-moving water, such as in most streams and rivers<br />
|-<br />
| Macroinvertebrates||Μακροασπόνδυλα||Animals without backbones (“invertebrates”) that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye (“macro”, larger than 0.5 mm)<br />
|-<br />
| Macrophyte||Μακρόφυτα||All aquatic higher plants, mosses and characean algae, but excluding single-celled phytoplankton and diatoms<br />
|-<br />
| Macrozoobenthos||Μακροζωοβένθος||Aquatic macroinvertebrates living at or in the bottom<br />
|-<br />
| Meandering river||Ποτάμι με μαιάνδρους||River with a single channel and a larger than 1.5<br />
|-<br />
| Measure||Μέτρο||See and <br />
|-<br />
| Mesohabitat||Μεσοενδιαίτημα||Spatially distinct patch of relatively homogeneous patches serving species or life stages as . See <br />
|-<br />
| Microhabitat||Μικροενδιαίτημα||Spatially distinct patch of uniform substrate, plant cover or physical structure which is relevant for species, e.g. as spawning or feeding substrate<br />
|-<br />
| Mitigation measure||Μετριαστικό μέτρο||Activity to reduce the impact of a pressure<br />
|-<br />
| Mollusks||Μαλάκια||Unsegmented invertebrate animals (without a backbone) that possess an external or vestigial calcium carbonate shell<br />
|-<br />
| Morphological unit||Μορφολογική μονάδα||See <br />
|-<br />
| Mud||Λάσπη||Loose slushy fine sediment consisting of clay, silt, fine sand, and organic material. Often water-formed and deposited on the bottom of lakes, rivers and estuaries<br />
|-<br />
| Natural levee||Φυσικό ανάχωμα||Elevated feature along river channel, composed of sediments deposited by overbank flows leaving the main channel<br />
|-<br />
| Oxbow lake||Λίμνη μηνοειδούς μορφής||Lake formed when a river meander is cut off from the main channel<br />
|-<br />
| Pebble||Βότσαλο||Gravel particle<br />
|-<br />
| Pelagic||Πελαγικός||Living and feeding in the water column. Opposed to <br />
|-<br />
| Physiographic unit||Φυσιογραφική μονάδα||See <br />
|-<br />
| Phytoplankton||Φυτοπλανκτόν||Microscopic plants that float or drift almost passively in water<br />
|-<br />
| Point bar||||Bar along the inner bank of a river bend<br />
|-<br />
| Pool||Εκβάθυνση||Relatively deep, still section in a river or stream. Pools alternate with or in gravel-bed rivers and with or in navigable rivers<br />
|-<br />
| Potamal||Πόταμον||Zone of lowland rivers in longitudinal habitat zonation. See also or and <br />
|-<br />
| Pothole||||Deep circular hole scoured in bedrock as a result of abrasion by transported particles trapped in the hole<br />
|-<br />
| Pressure||Πίεση||In hydromorphology: Force per unit area exerted on a surface by the weight of the water above that surface. In the Water Framework Directive: Direct environmental effect of a driver such as agriculture, industry, hydropower generation or navigation<br />
|-<br />
| Rapids||||Stream bed with boulders organized in irregular transverse lines (ribs), in steep confined channels<br />
|-<br />
| Reach||Τμήμα ποταμού||Section of river along which boundary conditions are sufficiently uniform for the river to maintain a near-constant internal set of process-form interactions. Reach is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms<br />
|-<br />
| Region||Περιοχή||Relatively large area underleying similar broad influences of climate, relief, tectonic processes, etc. Also or . Region is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms. It typically contains characteristic assemblages of natural communities and species.<br />
|-<br />
| Restoration measure||Μέτρο αποκατάστασης||Activity to improve the status of degraded waters, be it by improving water quality or by changing hydromorphological conditions<br />
|-<br />
| Rheophilic||Ρεοφιλικός||Adjective for aquatic species that prefer flowing waters. See also and <br />
|-<br />
| Rhithral||Ρείθρον||Zone of streams in longitudinal habitat zonation, identical to the zone of trout and grayling. See also or and <br />
|-<br />
| Ridge||Ανάχωμα||Old incorporated in the floodplain as the channel migrated away<br />
|-<br />
| Riffle||Αβαθή ταχύρροα μέρη ποταμού, προσχώσεις||Zone of relatively shallow and rapid flow in gravel-bed rivers<br />
|-<br />
| Riparian||παρόχθιος||Related to zone adjacent to a stream or river with a high density, diversity, and productivity of plant and animal species compared to nearby uplands<br />
|-<br />
| Ripple||||Small bedform of a few centimetres high, with a long crest perpendicular to the flow<br />
|-<br />
| River element||Στοιχείο ποταμού||Part of river environment including individuals and patches of sediment, plants, wood, etc. Also . River element is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms.<br />
|-<br />
| River sector||Τομέας ποταμού||See <br />
|-<br />
| River segment||Τμήμα ποταμού||Section of river subject to similar valley-scale influences and energy conditions. Also river sector. River segment is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms<br />
|-<br />
| Run||||Zone of relatively shallow flow as an intermediate feature between shallower riffles and deeper pools, similar to the somewhat flatter <br />
|-<br />
| Sand||Άμμος||Mineral soil particle between 0.063 mm and 2.0 mm in diameter<br />
|-<br />
| Scour||Διάβρωση, εκσκαφή||Local removal of sediment from the stream bed by flowing water<br />
|-<br />
| Scroll bar||||Elongated raised feature on top of a <br />
|-<br />
| Sediment||Ίζημα||Solid matter eroded, transported or deposited in rivers<br />
|-<br />
| Sediment yield||Απόδοση ιζήματος||Amount of sediment eroded per unit land area in a river catchment<br />
|-<br />
| Silt||Λάσπη||Mineral soil particle between 0.002 mm and 0.063 mm in diameter<br />
|-<br />
| Sinuosity||Ελικοειδές||Ratio between the distance measured along the channel and the distance measured in the direction of the overall planimetric course or meander belt axis<br />
|-<br />
| Specific stream power|||| per unit channel width, as a measure of flow strength<br />
|-<br />
| Step||||Steep accumulation of boulders and cobbles across a channel, generally with a pool downstream that is scoured by flow plunging over the step<br />
|-<br />
| Stream power||Δύναμη ρέματος||Rate of energy dissipation per unit downstream length, as a measure of flow strength. See also and <br />
|-<br />
| Stressor||Στρεσογόνος παράγων||Pressure in the sense of a direct environmental effect of a driver<br />
|-<br />
| Subreach||||See <br />
|-<br />
| Suspended load||Αιωρούμενο φορτίο||Sediment transported in the water column, kept from settling by upward turbulent motions of the water. It can consist of both and <br />
|-<br />
| Swale||Παράκτια υβώματα και βυθίσματα||Depression between adjacent that are old <br />
|-<br />
| Terrace||Αναβαθμίδα||Abandoned inactive floodplain perched above contemporary channel and floodplain<br />
|-<br />
| Thalweg||Μισγάγκεια||Line connecting the deepest points of consecutive cross-sections<br />
|-<br />
| Thread||||Channel in river typologies. A single-thread river has only one channel in each cross-section. A multiple-thread has more than one channel in each cross-section<br />
|-<br />
| Wandering river||||River with a single channel that locally splits into two channels, as a transitional form between meandering rivers and braided rivers<br />
|-<br />
| Washload||Φορτίο απόπλυσης||Sediments much finer than those in the river bed, transported without dependence on flow strength<br />
|-<br />
| Water body||Υδατικό σύστημα||Distinct and significant volume of water<br />
|-<br />
| Water depth||Βάθος||Height of water column. Elevation difference between water level and bed level<br />
|-<br />
| Water level||Στάθμη νερού||Elevation of water surface above a horizontal datum<br />
|-<br />
| Watershed||Υδροκρίτης||Area of land drained by a river and its tributaries. Also or . is a spatial unit within the multi-scale of hydromorphological processes and forms<br />
|-<br />
| <br />
|}</div>Gertjan